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Eotaxins and their receptor CCR3 have a definitive role for tissue accumulation of eosinophils both under homeostatic and pathologic conditions. However, physiological stimuli that can up‐regulate CCR3 in blood‐derived human eosinophils have not been recognized. As a prior gene microarray study revealed up‐regulation of CCR3 in eosinophils stimulated with retinoic acids (RAs), the expression of functional...
BackgroundEarly identification of the severity of asthma exacerbation would be helpful for the management of patients. We aimed to evaluate the correlation of morphological change in activated eosinophils and the severity of an asthma exacerbation.
MethodsBlood was collected from 55 asthmatic children: 40 of whom were having an exacerbation, 15 symptom‐free, and 15 healthy controls. The percentage...
The standard of care for allergies within a primary care (PC) setting has a strong influence on disease prevention and control, quality of life, and patient satisfaction. The level of knowledge of allergic diseases and the accessibility to regular follow‐up are essential. EAACI and IPCRG conducted a survey to evaluate the actual status of care for allergic diseases in PC. Access to allergy and asthma...
Several lines of evidence suggest that deficiency of eosinophils is not associated with any characteristic abnormality. Patients lacking eosinophils, in the setting of immunodeficiency or as a consequence of IgG‐mediated eosinophil precursor destruction, do not display any distinguishing abnormalities related to eosinophil reduction. The observation that eosinophil‐deficient mice do not display any...
BackgroundExposure to environmental endocrine‐disrupting chemicals (EDCs) is associated with allergy, chronic inflammation, and immunodeficiency. Phthalates, the common EDCs used in plastic industry, may act as adjuvants to disrupt immune system and enhance allergy. Plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) are predominant cells secreting type I interferon (IFN) against infection and are professional antigen‐presenting...
BackgroundDesensitization to antineoplastic agents is becoming a standard of care. Efforts to establish and improve these techniques are being made at many institutions. Our aims are to evaluate a new rapid desensitization protocol designed to be shorter (approximately 4 h) and safer (reducing hazardous drugs exposure risks) and to assess the oxaliplatin‐specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) as a novel...
Drug hypersensitivity may deprive patients of drug therapy, and occasionally no effective alternative treatment is available. Successful desensitization has been well documented in delayed drug hypersensitivity reactions. In certain situations, such as sulfonamide hypersensitivity in HIV‐positive patients or hypersensitivity to antibiotics in patients with cystic fibrosis, published success rates...
BackgroundEosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is often associated with atopic airway and skin diseases. More than 80% of EoE patients are sensitized to aero‐ and/or food allergens. Immunoglobulin (Ig)E‐mediated immune responses to microbes have been reported to be deleterious in connection with atopic diseases.
AimThe aim of this study was to obtain a comprehensive overview about the sensitization spectrum...
BackgroundCephalosporin is a major offending agent in terms of drug hypersensitivity along with penicillin. Cephalosporin intradermal skin tests (IDTs) have been widely used; however, their validity for predicting immediate hypersensitivity has not been studied. This study aimed to determine the predictive value of cephalosporin intradermal skin testing before administration of the drug.
MethodsWe...
BackgroundRecent studies have yielded heterogeneous results regarding the relationship between vitamin D and atopic conditions. The aim of this study was to investigate the association between serum vitamin D level and the prevalence of eczema in German children and adolescents.
MethodsData were drawn for children aged 1–17 from the German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and...
BackgroundA few series of well‐documented cases of severe drug‐induced anaphylaxis (SDA) are available.
MethodsCases collected by the Allergy Vigilance Network from 2002 to 2010 were analyzed for clinical signs, causative drugs, and efficacy of a stepwise approach to diagnosis, using skin tests, laboratory tests, and oral challenges.
ResultsThree hundred and thirty‐three cases concerned 300 adults...
BackgroundA unique type of CD11cpos dendritic cells (DC) is abundant in inflamed tissue, for example, in chronic inflammatory skin diseases. Due to their remarkable production of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)‐α and inducible NO synthase (iNOS), these cells have been referred to as TNF and iNOS‐producing DC (Tip‐DC). While Tip‐DC have been mainly characterized in murine models of infection, functional...
BackgroundCold contact urticaria (CCU) is characterized by itchy wheal and flare responses due to the release of histamine and other pro‐inflammatory mediators after exposure to cold. The treatment of choice is nonsedating antihistamines, dosages of which may be increased up to fourfold if standard doses are ineffective. Here, we assess the effects of a standard 20 mg dose and up‐dosing to 40 and...
BackgroundDrug hypersensitivity is known to rely on a drug‐specific T‐cell response. Amplitude of antigen‐specific T‐cell response is partly controlled by the size of the antigen‐specific naïve CD4+ T‐cell repertoire, but estimate of this repertoire has never been investigated for allergenic drugs. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the frequency of benzylpenicillin‐specific CD4+ T lymphocytes...
BackgroundEosinophils have the capacity to secrete varied cytotoxic proteins. Among the proteins are the eosinophil‐associated RNases (EARs): the human eosinophil‐derived neurotoxin and eosinophilic cationic protein, and their murine ortholog EARs, which have been shown to be involved in host defense, tissue remodeling, and immunity regulation. However, the signal transduction that regulates EARs...
BackgroundSince the recent establishment of a murine model of eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), both the development of new drugs for treatment or prevention of eosinophilic CRSwNP and elucidation of their pathogenesis have been feasible. We investigated the therapeutic effects of resveratrol on CRSwNP and its mechanism of action using a murine model.
MethodsAfter induction...
BackgroundMastocytosis is frequently associated with mast cell‐mediated symptoms which require relieving medication. While second generation antihistamines (sgAHs) are the first line therapeutic strategy to treat mast cell mediator‐related symptoms, controlled clinical trials on how they improve quality of life have not been performed.
MethodsThis randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled, cross‐over...
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